Tao Te Ching|《道德经》

1. Basic Information
   • Title: Tao Te Ching (《道德经》)
   • Author: Traditionally attributed to Laozi (6th century BCE), though historical details are debated.
   • Origin: Ancient China, foundational text of Taoism (Daoism).
   • Content: 81 short poetic chapters, divided into two sections:
     • Dao Jing (道经, “Book of the Way”) – Chapters 1–37.
     • De Jing (德经, “Book of Virtue”) – Chapters 38–81.
2. Core Concepts
   • Dao (The Way): The ineffable, eternal principle underlying the universe. Emphasizes natural harmony and wu wei (non-action/effortless action).
   • De (Virtue): The manifestation of Dao in individuals; cultivated through humility, simplicity, and alignment with nature.
   • Dualism: Interplay of opposites (e.g., yin-yang, softness-hardness).
   • Governance: Advocates ruling with minimal interference (“A leader is best when people barely know he exists”).
3. Philosophical Impact
   • Influenced Chinese culture, Zen Buddhism, martial arts, and ecology.
   • Themes: Humility, balance, and returning to simplicity.
4. Notable Quotes
   • “The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” (Chapter 64)
   • “Those who know do not speak; those who speak do not know.” (Chapter 56)
5. Legacy
   • One of the most translated works globally, inspiring spiritual and secular thought.